Unlike the technical approach used by Lai’s team, the Anderson Cancer Centre team first reprogrammed human stem cells and directly cultivated organoids – or miniature versions of organs grown from stem cells – of the intestine, liver and brain in culture dishes.One month post-birth, around 10 per cent of mice had human intestinal cells; incorporation into the liver and brain was lower.Transplants treat organ failure, but accessibility is limited by a shortage of donor organs.
Pigs are suitable donors because they have anatomical similarities to humans, but immune responses that cause human rejection prevent their direct use. Growing human organs in pigs offers a potential solution.This research direction is known as human-animal chimeras, referring to the combination of human and animal cells or tissues within a single organism. However, research on human-animal chimeras has sparked ethical controversies.
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Bernicem Pollard 